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Harmonizing the non-repudiation requirements for all the different e-SENS domains is a challenging task. Every domain has a vertical specialization (both from a technical and from a regulatory standpoint) with respect of the non-repudiation services. The White Paper on Non Repudiation Services[1][2] highlighted a path towards a common set of cross-border and cross-sector interoperable non-repudiation services using a per-hop (e.g., per-corner) evidence-based mechanism. The mechanism allows for a generic, horizontal, and legally stable technology used to emit and store evidence guaranteeing both interoperability and the per-domain specific needs.
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The current epSOS specifications tackle non repudiation aspects in [23] by further specifying the the audit trails. However these recommendations are not inlined with the ISO 13888 standard neither with the ETSI REM standard, which is selected as the target architecture for the eDelivery CEF building block.
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[23] See e.g., epSOS D3.4.2, Section 4.5.6 Audit Trail Data for Non-Repudiation
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